نشریه مهندسی معدن

نشریه مهندسی معدن

پرعیارسازی سرباره سرب کوره کالدو به روش فلوتاسیون

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار، دانشکده مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران
چکیده
در فرآیند تولید سرب به روش پیرومتالورژی، سرباره به عنوان محصول فرعی از کوره خارج می‌شود. سرباره‌های حاصل عمدتا حاوی آهن، سرب و روی است. هدف این مطالعه بازیابی سرب از سرباره کوره کالدو در کنار حذف آهن و روی با فرآیند فلوتاسیون است که پیامدهای اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی را به همراه دارد. ویژگی‌های سرباره با استفاده از آنالیز پراش پرتو ایکس، مطالعات میکروسکوپ نوری و  الکترونی روبشی تعیین شد که اغلب حاوی منیتیت، هماتیت، سرب فلزی و هیدروستونیت (Ca2ZnSi2O7) است که در نتیجه حرارت بالا (1200 درجه سانتی‌گراد) در کوره کالدو ذرات سرب درگیری بالایی دارند. در آزمایش‌های فلوتاسیون تاثیر پتاسیم امیل گزنتاتت، سولفید سدیم به عنوان فعال‌کننده، روغن کاج، بازداشت‌کننده‌های سولفات روی، سیانید سدیم و نشاسته بر عیار و بازیابی بررسی شد. آزمایش‌ها بر روی نمونه سرباره در ابعاد کوچک‌تر (80 درصد) از 100 میکرون انجام و مشاهده شد که  استفاده از سولفید سدیم در غلظت 3000 گرم بر تن باعث کاهش عیار و بازیابی سرب، روی و آهن در کنسانتره شده در حالی که در مقادیر صفر تا 1000 گرم بر تن افزایش بازیابی و عیار سرب را در کنار بازداشت آهن و روی به دنبال دارد. از طرفی بازداشت‌کننده‌های سولفات روی، سیانید سدیم و نشاسته تاثیر قابل توجهی بر عیار و بازیابی آهن و روی نداشته و اغلب باعث فلوتاسیون غیرانتخابی و  بازداشت سرب می‌شود. در نهایت تحت شرایط 1200 گرم بر تن پتاسیم امیل گزنتات به عنوان کلکتور، 1000 گرم بر تن سولفید سدیم به عنوان فعال‌کننده، 35 گرم بر تن روغن کاج در 5/9 PH= همراه با حذف 94 درصد آهن و 86 درصد روی کنسانتره حاوی 72/24 درصد سرب از سرباره (عیار اولیه 16/6 درصد) با بازیابی 81/40 درصد حاصل شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Beneficiation of Lead Slag from Kaldo Furnace by Flotation Method

نویسندگان English

Hamed Ramezani 1
Hossein Kamran Haghighi 2
1 MSc student, Department of Mining Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Mining Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

 During lead production through pyrometallurgy, slag is discharged from the furnace as a by-product. The resulting slags mainly contain iron, lead, and zinc. This study aims to recover lead from Kaldo furnace slag while removing iron and zinc through flotation, which has economic and environmental implications. The slag characteristics were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The slag was found to predominantly contain magnetite, hematite, metallic lead, and hardystonite (Ca₂ZnSi₂O₇), and as a result of the Kaldo furnace's high temperature (1200°C), lead particles exhibit a high interaction in the slag. In flotation experiments, the effect of potassium amyl xanthate, sodium sulfide as an activator, pine oil, zinc sulfate, sodium cyanide, and starch on the grade and recovery was investigated. Experiments were conducted on slag samples with particle sizes smaller than 100 microns (passing 80%). It was observed that using sodium sulfide at a concentration of 3000 g/t decreased the grade and recovery of lead, zinc, and iron in the concentrate, while amounts ranging from 0 to 1000 g/t increased lead recovery and grade while depressing iron and zinc. On the other hand, depressants such as zinc sulfate, sodium cyanide, and starch did not significantly affect the grade and recovery of iron and zinc and often caused non-selective flotation and lead depression. Finally, under conditions of 1200 g/t of potassium amyl xanthate as a collector, 1000 g/t of sodium sulfide as an activator, 35 g/t of pine oil at pH 9.5, along with the removal of 94% iron, and 86% zinc, a concentrate containing 24.72% lead was obtained from the slag (initial grade of 6.16%) with a recovery of 40.81%.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Lead slag
Kaldo Furnace
Flotation
Beneficiation
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  • تاریخ دریافت 01 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 03 بهمن 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 01 اسفند 1403