تاثیر فعال سازی مکانیکی بر ساختار کانی فلوئورآپاتیت و انحلال عناصر نادر خاکی موجود در کنسانتره فسفات اسفوردی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری فرآوری مواد معدنی، دانشکده فنی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه فرآوری مواد معدنی، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استاد گروه فرآوری مواد معدنی، دانشکده مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

کنسانتره فسفات اسفوردی با عیار 2/1 درصد مجموع عناصر نادر خاکی، یکی از منابع غنی عناصر نادر خاکی موجود در کشور است که مهمترین عناصر نادر خاکی موجود در آن عبارتند از سریم (5608 گرم در تن)، لانتانیم (1959) و نئودیمیم (2227). در تحقیق حاضر، انحلال در اسید نیتریک (بدون فعال سازی) و فعال سازی – انحلال در اسید نیتریک بررسی شد. برای بررسی اثر فعال‌سازی مکانیکی بر انحلال عناصر نادر خاکی، از آسیای سیاره ای با گلوله‌های فولادی به قطر 20 میلیمتر، در شرایط نسبت جرم گلوله به پودر، برابر با 2 و 15 و زمان 90 دقیقه در محیط خردایش خشک و اتمسفر هوا استفاده شد. همچنین با توجه به انحلال‌پذیری زیاد فلوئورآپاتیت و کم کانی‌های حاوی عناصر نادر خاکی در اسید نیتریک، از روش انحلال دو مرحله‌ای استفاده شد و پسماند انحلال مرحله اول، که حاوی بیش از 99 درصد عناصر نادر خاکی موجود در نمونه اولیه بود، با نسبت جرم گلوله به پودر 12 فعال سازی و مجددا حل شد. نتایج نشان داد که فعال‌سازی مکانیکی تاثیر مهمی بر انحلال عناصر نادر خاکی از کنسانتره فسفات داشته و انحلال عناصر نادر خاکی را از حدود 1 درصد (بدون فعال سازی) برای عناصر سریم، لانتانیم و نئودیمیم به ترتیب تا 79/35، 61/42 و 34/30 درصد افزایش داد. در اثر فعال‌سازی مکانیکی با نسبت جرم گلوله به پودر 2و 15، میزان آمورف شدگی نمونه به ترتیب برابر با 2/1و 57 درصد اندازه گیری شد. همچنین میزان کرنش شبکه‌ای و اندازه کریستالیت به ترتیب از 0.08 درصد و 225 نانومتر برای نمونه اولیه به 0.09 درصد و 225 نانومتر برای نمونه فعال‌سازی شده با نسبت جرم گلوله به پودر برابر 2 و به 0.63 درصد و 81.8 نانومتر برای نمونه فعال‌سازی شده با نسبت جرم گلوله به پودر برابر 15 تغییر پیدا کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of mechanical activation on the leaching of rare earth elements from Esfordi phosphate concentrate

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Shadi Naghadeh 1
  • Ahmad Khodadadi 2
  • M Abdollahy 2
  • parviz purgharamani 3
1 PhD candidate, Mineral Processing Engineering, Faculty of Enginnering, Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Mineral Processing Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Mineral Processing Engineering, Mining Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The Esfordi phosphate concentrate with total assay of REE equal to 1.2 percent is one of the richest source of rare earth elements in Iran. It contains Ce(5608 ppm), La(1959ppm) and Nd(2227ppm). In this research, the effect of mechanical activation on the leaching of rare earth elements by nitric acid from Esfordi phosphate concentrate was investigated. For the investigation of mechanical activation effect on leaching of REE, a planetary ball mill was used with steel balls of diameter about 20 mm, ball to powder ratio of 15 and 2 and with a retention time of 90 minuts in dry situation and air atmosphere. Because of high and low leachability of fluorapatite and REE minerals by nitric acid, respectively, tow stage leaching methode was used. The first leaching stage residue, that contained about 99 % of REEs in initial phosphate concentrate, was activated mechanically at ball to powder ratio of 12 and then leached. Results showed that the mechanical activation had important influence on leaching of REE by nitric acid from phosphate concentrate and improved the leaching of Ce, La and Nd from about 1% (without mechanical activation) to 35.79, 42.61 and 30.34% , respectively. The amorphization degree increased to 1.2 and 57% after 90 min intensive milling with ball to powder ratio of 2 and 15 to 1, respectively. Also, the crystallite size and microstrain of Fluorapatite differed from 225 nm and 0.08 % for initial sample to 225 nm and 0.09 % and 81.8 nm and 0.63 % for mechanically activated samples with ball to powder ratio of 2 and 15 to 1 respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phosphate concentrate
  • Rare Earth elements
  • Mechanical activation
  • leaching

مراجع

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نشریه مهندسی معدن
دوره 13، شماره 40
آذر 1397
صفحه 77-94

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 13 اردیبهشت 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 اسفند 1397

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