پراکندگی و سطح ریسک فلزات سرب و روی در خاک های اطراف معدن آهنگران

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

2 دکترای زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

3 کارشناس ارشد زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

چکیده

دسترسی زیستی1 عناصر مضر بالقوه مانند فلزات سنگین در بسیاری از مطالعات نادیده گرفته شده و بیشتر بررسی‌ها بر اساس غلظت کل انجام می‌شود. با توجه به اینکه میزان غلظت کل فلزات، در بیشتر موارد اطلاعات محدودی را در مورد تحرک و زیست فراهمی فلزات سنگین نشان می‌دهد بنابراین غلظت بخشی یا عصاره‌گیری، بهترین روش در تخمین مقدار و نسبت فلزات در خاک می‌باشد. در این پژوهش در مجموع تعداد 40 نمونه از خاکهای سطحی اطراف معدن، باطله معدنی و زمین کشاورزی اطراف معدن آهنگران برداشت شد. غلظت کل عنصر سرب و روی توسط ICP-AES و بخش دسترسی زیستی با استفاده از روش تک مرحله ای توسط اسید کلریدریک 1/0 نرمال توسط دستگاه جذب اتمی (AAS) تعیین گردید. نتایج فاکتور آلودگی (CF) عنصر سرب برای باطله‌های معدنی، اطراف معدن بیانگر آلودگی بسیار زیاد و برای زمین‌های کشاورزی آلودگی متوسط می‌باشد. مقدار CF عنصر روی برای باطله‌های معدنی نشاندهنده آلودگی بسیار زیاد و برای سایر مناطق متوسط بوده است. شاخص بار آلودگی (PLI) نشان داد که عناصر در اطراف معدن و باطله معدنی دارای درجه آلودگی شدید و در زمین کشاورزی درجه آلودگی کم است. کد ارزیابی خطر (RAC) که براساس میزان دسترسی زیستی دو عنصر روی و سرب محاسبه شد، برای عنصر روی در تمام مناطق در گروه خطر متوسط و برای عنصر سرب (به جز محدوده زمین کشاورزی) در گروه خطر کم قرار گرفت. پایین بودن مقادیر دسترسی زیستی نشان دهنده حضور فلزات سرب و روی در فاز باقیمانده (به شکل کانی) می‌باشد که خطر زیادی برای موجودات زنده ندارد. افزایش مقادیر دسترسی زیستی در خاک‌های کشاورزی که در فواصل دورتری از معدن قرار گرفته‌اند بیانگر حضور بیشتر این فلزات در فازهای قابل تبادل و متصل به کربنات می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF LEAD AND ZINC AND THEIR POTENTIAL RISK LEVELS IN THE SOILS AROUND THE AHANGARAN MINE,

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behrouz Rafiei 1
  • Saeideh Rahmani 2
  • Azam sadat Khodaee 3
1 Dep. of geology, faculty of sciences, Bu-Ali Sina Uni., Hamedan-Iran
2 Dep. of geology, faculty of sciences, Bu-Ali Sina Uni., Hamedan-Iran
3 Dep. of geology, faculty of sciences, Bu-Ali Sina Uni., Hamedan-Iran
چکیده [English]

The bioavailability of potentially harmful elements such as heavy metals has been ignored in many researches, and most studies are conducted based on total concentration. Considering that the total concentration of metals, in most cases, shows limited information about the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals, therefore, partial concentration or extraction is the best method in estimating the content of metals in soil. In this study, 40 samples were collected from surface soils around the mine, tailing and agricultural soils around the Ahangaran mine. Total concentrations of lead and zinc were determined by ICP-OES, and the bioavailable fraction was carried out by single-stage method extraction (0.1N HCl) using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The contamination factor (CF) results for Pb in tailing and around the mine areas indicate very high contamination and moderate contamination for agricultural soils. The amount of CF for Zn presents a very high contamination factor in tailings and moderate contamination factor in the other areas. Pollution load index (PLI) values show that the tailings and soils around the mine are extremely polluted, and agricultural soils are moderately polluted. The Risk Assessment Code (RAC), which was calculated based on zinc and lead bioavailability, presented moderate risk for zinc in all study areas and low risk and for Pb (except agricultural soils that show moderate risk). Low bioavailable values indicate the presence of Pb and Zn in the residual phase (in the form of minerals) that do not pose much risk to living organisms. Increasing the amount of bioavailability in agricultural soils located at farther distances from the mine indicates the presence of these metals in carbonate and exchangeable phases

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioavailability
  • lead and zinc
  • Ahangaran mine
  • Malayer
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