https://ijme.iranjournals.ir/ Journal of Mining Engineering en daily 1 Thu, 22 May 2025 00:00:00 +0330 Thu, 22 May 2025 00:00:00 +0330 https://ijme.iranjournals.ir/article_728855.html این مطالعه به بررسی نوسانات فصلی شدت جریان آب در کانال‌های زهکشی و تونل‌های انتقال آب در نواحی معدنی می‌پردازد، با تمرکز بر مدیریت پایدار منابع آب.، با بهره‌گیری از مجموعه داده‌ای جامع شامل اطلاعات هفت‌ساله از معدن سرب و روی انگوران، تحلیل‌های آماری پیشرفته از جمله آزمون ANOVA و تحلیل روند برای شناسایی نوسانات فصلی معنادار انجام شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که میانگین شدت جریان آب در فصل تابستان حدود ۳۰ درصد کاهش می‌یابد که این امر به افزایش دما و کاهش بارندگی نسبت داده می‌شود؛ در حالی که شدت جریان زمستانی تا حدود ۴۰ درصد افزایش می‌یابد که عمدتا ناشی از بارندگی و ذوب برف است. مدل‌سازی پیش‌بینانه با استفاده از روش‌های ARIMA و رگرسیون چندمتغیره توانست با دقتی بالاتر از ۸۵ درصد روندهای فصلی آینده شدت جریان را پیش‌بینی کند که کاربرد عملی آن‌ها در برنامه‌ریزی منابع آب را نشان می‌دهد. یافته‌های این تحقیق درک ارزشمندی از رفتار پویای منابع آب تحت تاثیر نوسانات اقلیمی ارایه می‌دهد و می‌تواند مبنایی برای طراحی و مدیریت سامانه‌های زهکشی و آبیاری فراهم سازد. این پژوهش زمینه‌ساز تحقیقات آتی در حوزه تاثیرات تغییر اقلیم و توسعه راهبردهای نوآورانه در مدیریت منابع آب است و به ترویج شیوه‌های پایدار در بخش معدن و سایر حوزه‌های حساس به منابع آبی کمک می‌کند. https://ijme.iranjournals.ir/article_729980.html In well drilling, one of the objectives of using drilling fluid is to form a thin, impermeable mud cake. According to existing standards, the properties of the mud cake are examined under static conditions, but the effects of dynamic conditions on these properties have not yet been fully addressed. In this study, laboratory flow loop experiments were conducted to compare dynamic and static conditions. Pressure was not a factor in these tests, which focused on measuring thickness, initial filtrate volume, and surface characteristics of the mud cake under different conditions. Variables such as fluid formulation, well angle, fluid temperature, and drill string rotation speed were investigated. The results indicate that drill string rotation and fluid temperature positively affect the increase in mud cake thickness. SEM (scanning electron microscope) images show that the polymer texture formed under dynamic conditions is significantly different from static conditions, although no notable differences were observed in bentonite-based fluids. An increase in temperature leads to greater mud cake thickness and lower fluid viscosity. Drill string rotation under dynamic conditions reduces pore spaces on the mud cake surface and increases its thickness, making the dynamic mud cake more structured and uniform compared to static mud cakes. The use of polymer-based filtration control agents instead of bentonite reduces mud cake thickness, whereas adding such agents to bentonite mud increases thickness under both static and dynamic conditions. Furthermore, bentonite fluid mixed with carboxymethyl cellulose exhibited the lowest filtrate volume and caused the least damage to the formation. The negative impact of salts on filtration control polymers was evident, leading to polymer degradation and sedimentation of weighting and bridging agents. https://ijme.iranjournals.ir/article_729981.html Mining is one of the most important economic driving sectors of any country, and its production rate is highly dependent on the quality of the blasting process, which is considered one of the most common exploitation methods. One of the main challenges during the blasting process is serious damage to facilities. Therefore, during the construction and operation of these facilities, consideration should be given to investigating and predicting the vibration consequences. For this purpose, by collecting data related to blasting in the two mines of Gol Gohar and Songun , after analyzing and describing them, the peak particle velocity has been predicted based on the distance and amount of explosives. To achieve this goal, considering the quantity and nature of the data, a deep learning method was used. In this study, an attempt was made to obtain acceptable results by searching for optimal values for hyperparameters through trial and error. The coefficient of determination(R2), mean absolute percentage error(MAPE), and root mean square error(RMSE) were considered as indices of model quality evaluation. For better judgment, the performance of the selected method was compared with the performance of three methods: support vector machine, stochastic gradient descent, and adaptive boosting. The R2, for the four above methods was 0.952, 0.809, 0.845, and 0.911, respectively. For the RMSE index, the values were: 2.670, 5.308, 4.773, and 3.631. The values of the MAPE index for the four above methods were: 2.003, 2.119, 2.786, and 1.887. According to the values of the indices, the deep learning method had the best performance due to its flexibility in architecture and better adaptation to the characteristics of the problem. It can be said that in relation to complex and uncertain problems, such as those in the mining field, deep learning-based methods suggests good capabilities. https://ijme.iranjournals.ir/article_729979.html One of the ventilation design methods of underground mines is to use the incompressibility model. In the incompressibility model, several methods have been presented by different researchers for ventilation design in underground mines. Some of them are the Hardy Cross method and its correction models such as the Wang model, the conflation model, the second conflation model, and the corrected forms of the Newtonian models. Also, the Newton-Raphson method and its correction models such as the Wang model, the variable directions model, and the without derivative model. Using ventilation software is necessary to increase the accuracy and speed of calculations. Accordingly, numerous software has been presented in this field. The most common of them is Ventsim software. This software and other software always solve one model of common methods. Accordingly, they couldn't enrich ventilation science in terms of the different methods. Therefore, the new software Ventilation Design: Incompressible Model was presented in this article, which is capable of analyzing 12 different Hardy-Cross and Newton-Raphson methods. Validation of this new software was done in two hypothetical and case study models. The results of this validation confirm the correct functioning of the new Ventilation Design: Incompressible Model software. https://ijme.iranjournals.ir/article_729982.html Reliability analysis of large, complex, and capital-intensive systems such as coal mine shearer loaders is of great importance because it ensures the safe and stable operation of these critical equipment in mines. In this regard, fault tree analysis and Bayesian network, have been considered. Fault tree, as a graphical tool, evaluates the reliability of the system by identifying the combination of events leading to failure; however, this method faces limitations in modeling probabilistic dependencies, complex relationships, and conditional probabilities. In order to overcome these limitations, fault tree has been transformed into Bayesian network. Bayesian network is a probabilistic graphical model that models the cause-effect relationships between variables in a probabilistic manner and allows for the consideration of uncertainties and complex dependencies. In this study, focusing on the Tabas coal mine shearer loader as one of the critical components in coal mines, first, its fault tree is presented to identify the factors affecting the failure. Then, by mapping this tree to the Bayesian network, advantages such as flexibility in updating probabilities, sensitivity analysis capability, and causal inference capability have been achieved. Finally, using the birnbaum importance measure, the critical components of the coal mine shearer loader were identified and ranked. The combination of fault tree and Bayesian network methods can be used as a powerful tool in comprehensive and accurate reliability analysis of engineering systems. https://ijme.iranjournals.ir/article_729984.html The sawability of diamond wire saws is a critical factor in the planning and optimization of stone quarry operations. Previous research has proposed both linear and non-linear models to estimate production rate—a key measure of sawability—based on geomechanical and machine parameters.This study investigates the performance of diamond wire saws in cutting carbonate rocks by analyzing production rates across 14 different carbonate rock samples from various Iranian quarries. Earlier studies have incorporated parameters such as uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), Brazilian tensile strength (BTS), Schmidt hammer rebound value, Los Angeles abrasion (LAA) resistance, and production rate to model sawability.In this research, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to evaluate the influence of independent variables on production rate. Statistical error analysis comparing predicted and actual production rates demonstrated that the RSM-based quadratic model outperformed other models, exhibiting the lowest values of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), variance of absolute relative error (VARE), median absolute error (MEDAE), and root mean square error (RMSE), along with the highest value of variance accounted for (VAF).Furthermore, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed that the Los Angeles abrasion value has the most significant impact on production rate. Based on comprehensive statistical evaluation, the developed RSM-based quadratic model provides a reliable and accurate method for predicting the production rate of diamond wire saws in carbonate rock cutting https://ijme.iranjournals.ir/article_729985.html In this paper, we focus on downhole seismic testing conducted in two geotechnical boreholes located along the Isfahan-Bafq railway. Accurate assessment of the mechanical and dynamic properties of subsurface layers is crucial in civil engineering and geotechnical projects; however, conventional (non-geophysical) methods are often costly and time-consuming. The primary objective of this study is to determine the compressional wave velocity (Vp) and shear wave velocity (Vs) in the subsurface layers, estimate the effective velocity, and evaluate the borehole locations based on Iran's Standard 2800. To achieve this, downhole seismic tests were performed at one-meter intervals within the boreholes. The results indicate that the effective velocities of P and S waves in the first borehole are estimated to be 1400 m/s and 800 m/s, respectively, while in the second borehole, they are 1170 m/s and 310 m/s, respectively. According to the obtained results, borehole number 1 falls into Group I and borehole number 2 falls into Group III of Iran's Standard 2800. In addition to the velocity estimates, other geotechnical properties, including Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, shear modulus, and bulk modulus, were also calculated and presented in the paper. These calculations provide more precise data beyond what is typically available in standard studies. https://ijme.iranjournals.ir/article_731984.html This article deals with the long-term study of the new geography of the world's mining industries and the opportunities and challenges facing Iran. Understanding the world's mining industries from the aspects of leading producers, new industrial geography, the monopoly power of countries, the type of competitive structure, the existence of economies of scale, the diversity of the mining industries of the leading countries in each mining industry (including non-metallic mineral, basic metals and manufactured metal) according to ISIC code 2 digits in the annual periods and evaluating the developments and opportunities ahead for the development of Iran's mining industries are the dimensions of this study.Study results show that: during the long-term period, the leading producers (five major countries) for each of the world's mining industries are the United States, then China, Japan, Germany, and recently some emerging and newly industrialized countries such as India, Brazil, Russia, Mexico, Indonesia, South Africa, and South Korea.The new geography of the world's mineral industries in these two long-term periods is fundamentally shifting from the industrially developed world centered on America, Japan, and Germany to emerging and newly industrialized economies centered on China, India and Brazil. During the long-term period, due to the high monopoly power of China and the increasing monopolization of the structure of each of the world's mining industries, China and some emerging and newly industrialized countries in each of these industries are at the optimal point of economies of scale by increasing the share of production according to the export-oriented approach with the aim of increasing their market share. two spectrums of industrial economies of the world with the overflow of technical knowledge and technology transfer; Emerging and newly industrialized economies have a special place in the priority of developing cooperation and trade with Iran and promise new opportunities for cooperation. https://ijme.iranjournals.ir/article_731756.html Given the significance of the coal industry and the associated environmental and safety challenges, the development of optimized extraction methods and effective management of gases produced during coal mining is imperative. This study investigates the effects of CO2 and CH4 adsorption and emission on the uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus, and axial strain of coal samples under various laboratory and macroscopic conditions. The results indicate that CO2 adsorption has a more pronounced negative impact on the engineering properties of coal, significantly reducing its strength. Specifically, CO2 adsorption and emission at injection pressures of 15 and 30 bar reduced the compressive strength of coal samples by 57.80% and 57.15%, respectively, and decreased the elastic modulus by 77.67% and 22.03%, respectively. In contrast, CH4 adsorption and emission at the same injection pressures reduced the compressive strength by 27.9% and 41.7%, respectively, and the elastic modulus by 18.06% and 19.91%, respectively. These reductions in engineering properties are influenced by parameters such as gas pressure, coal type, inherent fracture orientation and structure, moisture content, and other relevant factors. Based on these findings, the stability of coal pillars exposed to CO2 is compromised, necessitating careful consideration in the design and implementation of coalbed methane stimulation using CO2, as well as in CO2 sequestration projects in coal mines. Notably, the release of CH4 from both degassed and non-degassed gas-bearing layers also reduces coal strength, increasing the risks of coal outbursts, instantaneous gas emissions, and coal pillar instability.