مقایسه مقاومت کششی بتن قلیافعال و بتن معمولی در دمای بالا

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری عمران سازه، گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران

3 گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران

چکیده

در سال‌های اخیر بکارگیری از منابع معدنی فرآوری شده در علم مهندسی عمران چشم اندازه گسترده‌ای را به خود اختصاص داده است. برخی از این مصالح مانند سرباره‌کوره‌آهنگدازی به دلیل دارا بودن مواد سیلیسی آلومیناتی فرآوان در خود می‌توانند موجب بهبود چسبندگی و پرکنندگی در ساختار بتن شوند. در این پژوهش آزمایشگاهی، یک طرح اختلاط از بتن معمولی با عیار سیمان 450 کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب ساخته شد. یک طرح اختلاط نیز از بتن قلیافعال بر پایه سرباره‌کوره‌آهنگدازی ساخته شد تا میزان مقاومت کششی بتن تحت دمای محیط و حرارت 500 درجه سلسیوس، در سن عمل‌آوری 90 روزه مورد مقایسه و ارزیابی قرار گیرد. در ادامه آزمون‌های طیف سنجی پراش اشعه ایکس (XRD) و تصاویر میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی (SEM) در سن عمل‌آوری 90 روزه در دمای محیط و تحت حرارت 500 درجه سلسیوس، به منظور بررسی بیشتر و راستی آزمایی نتایج حاصل از آزمون مقاومت کششی، بر روی نمونه‌های بتنی انجام گرفت. نتایج حاصله حاکی از کسب مقاومت کششی در دمای محیط، برای بتن معمولی به مقدار 048/5 مگاپاسکال و برای بتن قلیافعال به مقدار 41/4 مگاپاسکال است، که اختلاف 63/12 درصدی را دارا بود. با اعمال حرارت بالا به نمونه‌های بتنی، میزان افت مقاومت کششی در بتن معمولی به مقدار 51 درصد و در بتن قلیافعال به میزان 21 درصد، رسید. نتایج حاصل از آزمون‌های XRD و SEM ضمن هماهنگی با یکدیگر، در همپوشانی با نتایج حاصل از آزمون مقاومت کششی قرار داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of tensile strength of aerated concrete and ordinary concrete, under high temperature

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammadhossein Mansourghanaei 1
  • Morteza Biklaryan 2
  • Alireza Mardookhpour 3
1 Ph.D Student in Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran
3 Department of Civil Engineering, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In recent years, the use of processed mineral resources in the science of civil engineering has gained a wide scope. Some of these materials, such as slag-furnace-slag, can improve adhesion and filling in the structure of concrete due to the presence of abundant silica-aluminate materials in them. In this laboratory research, a mixing design was made of ordinary concrete with a cement grade of 450 kg/m3. A mixing design was also made of activated alkali concrete based on blast furnace slag to compare and evaluate the tensile strength of concrete under ambient temperature and heat of 500 degrees Celsius, at the age of 90 days. Next, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images at the processing age of 90 days at ambient temperature and under heat of 500 ℃, in order to further investigate and verify the results of the resistance test. Tensile testing was done on concrete samples. The obtained results indicate that the tensile strength at ambient temperature is 5.048 MPa for ordinary concrete and 4.41 MPa for activated alkali concrete, which had a difference of 12.63%. By applying high heat to the concrete samples, the amount of tensile strength drop in normal concrete reached 51% and in alkali activated concrete 21%. The results of the XRD and SEM tests were in agreement with each other and overlapped with the results of the tensile strength test.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Active Alkali Concrete
  • Blast Furnace Slag
  • Tensile Strength Test
  • X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)
  • Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
Ministry of Roads and Urban Development, Topic 9 of National Building Regulations, Design and Implementation of Reinforced Concrete Buildings (4th Edition), Tehran: Iran Development Publishing House, 2012.## E. Gartner, "Industrially interesting approaches to “low-CO2” cements," Cement and Concrete research, vol. 34, no. 9, pp. 1489-1498, 2004##. A. M. Rashad, "The effect of polypropylene, polyvinyl-alcohol, carbon and glass fibres on geopolymers properties," Materials Science and Technology, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 127-146, 2019. ## Siddique, R. and D. Kaur, Properties of concrete containing ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) at elevated temperatures. Journal of Advanced Research, 2012. 3(1): p. 45-51. ## Yüksel, İ., R. Siddique, and Ö. Özkan, Influence of high temperature on the properties of concretes made with industrial by-products as fine aggregate replacement. Construction and building materials, 2011. 25(2): p. 967-972. ## Ryu, G.S., et al., The mechanical properties of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete with alkaline activators. Construction and Building Materials, 2013. 47: p. 409-418. ## Allahverdi, A. L. I., Ebrahim Najafi Kani, and Mahshad Yazdanipour. "Effects of blast-furnace slag on natural pozzolan-based geopolymer cement." Ceramics-Silikáty 55.1 (2011): 68-78.‏ ## Davidovits J.Soft mineralurgy and geopolymers. Proc. 1st Int.Conf. on geopolymers. 1988. p. 19–21. ## Neupane, N., Chalmers, D., & Kidd, P. (2018). High-strength geopolymer concrete properties. advantages and challenges. Advances in Materials, 7(2), 15-25. ## Davidovits J. Geopolymeric reactions in the economic futureof cements and concretes, world-wide mitigation of carbondioxide emission, pp. 111-122. In: G’99 GeopolymerInternational conference, Saint Quentin, France, 1999. ## Duxson P, Provis JL, Lukey GC, van Deventer JSJ. The role ofinorganic polymer technology in the development of “greenconcrete”. Cem Concr Res 2007;37:1590–7. ## P. Duan, Z. Shui, W. Chen and C. Shen, "Enhancing microstructure and durability of concrete from ground granulated blast furnace slag and metakaolin as cement replacement materials," Journal of Materials Research and Technology, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 52-59, 2013. ## Zhang, B. and N. Bicanic, Residual fracture toughness of normal-and high-strength gravel concrete after heating to 600 C. Materials Journal, 2002. 99(3): p. 217-226. ## Ahmad, S.I. and M.A. Hossain, Water permeability characteristics of normal strength concrete made from crushed clay bricks as coarse aggregate. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2017. 2017. ## Aslani, F., Thermal performance modeling of geopolymer concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2016. 28(1): p. 04015062. ## Türkmen, İ., et al. Fire resistance of geopolymer concrete produced from Ferrochrome slag by alkali activation method. in 2013 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA). 2013. IEEE. ## Derinpinar, A. N., Karakoç, M. B., & Özcan, A. Performance of glass powder substituted slag based geopolymer concretes under high temperature. Construction and Building Materials, 331, 127318.‏ 2022. ## Tayeh, B. A., Hakamy, A., Amin, M., Zeyad, A. M., & Agwa, I. S. Effect of air agent on mechanical properties and microstructure of lightweight geopolymer concrete under high temperature. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 16, e00951.‏ 2022. ## Amran, M., Huang, S. S., Debbarma, S., & Rashid, R. S. Fire resistance of geopolymer concrete: A critical review. Construction and Building Materials, 324, 126722.‏ 2022. ## Guler, S., & Akbulut, Z. F. Effect of high-temperature on the behavior of single and hybrid glass and basalt fiber added geopolymer cement mortars. Journal of Building Engineering, 57, 104809.‏ 2022. ## Zhang, D., Xu, J., Sun, F., & Xu, Z. Study on High-Temperature Behavior of Coal Gangue-Based Geopolymer Concrete Beams. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2022.‏ ## Ravi, A., & Ansari, M. A. Comparative study on thermal and fire resisting behaviour of conventional cement and geopolymer mortar. In AIP Conference Proceedings (vol. 2463, no. 1, p. 020030). AIP Publishing LLC.‏ 2022. ## Albidah, A., Alqarni, A. S., Abbas, H., Almusallam, T., & Al-Salloum, Y. Behavior of Metakaolin-Based geopolymer concrete at ambient and elevated temperatures. Construction and Building Materials, 317, 125910.‏ 2022. ## Hassan, A., Arif, M., Shariq, M., Alomayri, T., & Pereira, S. Fire resistance characteristics of geopolymer concrete for environmental sustainability: a review of thermal, mechanical and microstructure properties. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 1-36.‏ 2022. ## Razak, S. N. A., Shafiq, N., Guillaumat, L., Farhan, S. A., & Lohana, V. K. Fire-Exposed Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete: Effects of Burning Temperature on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties. Materials, 15(5), 1884.‏ 2022. ## Abd Razak, S. N., Shafiq, N., Nikbakht, E. H., Mohammed, B. S., Guillaumat, L., & Farhan, S. A. Fire performance of fly-ash-based geopolymer concrete: Effect of burning temperature on mechanical and microstructural properties. Materials Today: Proceedings.‏ 2022. ## Deb, P., Nath, P., & Sarker, P. Drying shrinkage of slag blended fly ash geopolymer concrete cured at room temperature. Procedia Engineering, 125, 594-600. 2015. ## Ehsani, A., Nili, M., & Shaabani , K. Effect of nanosilica on the compressive strength development and water absorption properties of cement paste and concrete containing Fly Ash. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 21(5), 1854-1865. 2017. ## Kong, D.L. and J.G. Sanjayan, Effect of elevated temperatures on geopolymer paste, mortar and concrete. Cement and concrete research, 2010. 40(2): p. 334-339. ## Comrie, D.C. and W.M. Kriven. Composite cold ceramic geopolymer in a refractory application. in Advances in Ceramic Matrix Composites IX, Proceedings. 2004. ## Mane, S. and H. Jadhav, Investigation of geopolymer mortar and concrete under high temperature. Magnesium, 2012. 1(5). ## Bakharev, T., Thermal behaviour of geopolymers prepared using class F fly ash and elevated temperature curing. Cement and concrete Research, 2006. 36(6): p. 1134-1147. ## J. W. Phair and J. S. van Deventer, "Effect of the silicate activator pH on the microstructural characteristics of waste-based geopolymers," International Journal of Mineral Processing, vol. 66, no. 1-4, pp. 121-143, 2002. ## Mustakim, S.M., et al., Improvement in fresh, mechanical and microstructural properties of fly ash-blast furnace slag based geopolymer concrete by addition of nano and micro silica. Silicon, 2020: p. 1-14. ## Their, J.M. and M. Özakça, Developing geopolymer concrete by using cold-bonded fly ash aggregate, nano-silica, and steel fiber. Construction and Building Materials, 2018. 180: p. 12-22. ## Mehta, P. K., & Monteiro, P. J. Concrete: microstructure, properties, and materials. McGraw-Hill Education. 2014. ##