ارزیابی تأثیر معدن متروکه مس چغندر سر بر غلظت عناصر سنگین در خاک و گیاهان بومی منطقه (جنوب غرب عباس آباد)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی/دانشگاه شاهرود

2 کارشناسی ارشد/دانشگاه شاهرود

چکیده

 
کانسار مس و معدن متروکه چغندرسر در جنوب غرب عباس آباد، در شرقی‌ترین بخش استان سمنان واقع شده است. هدف تحقیق حاضر ارزیابی غلظت سرب، روی، مس، منگنز و نیکل در خاک و گیاهان بومی منطقه معدنی چغندرسر است. برای بررسی تأثیر منطقه معدنی مس چغندرسر بر آلودگی خاک منطقه، سه ایستگاه نمونه‌برداری برای خاک و گیاه شامل: بالادست منطقه معدنی متروکه(شاهد)، منطقه معدن‌کاری متروکه و پائین‌دست منطقه معدنی متروکه انتخاب شد. غلظت این عناصر با استفاده از آنالیز ICP-OES اندازه‌گیری شد. همچنین پارامترهایEC ،pH ،,CEC کربنات کلسیم و مواد آلی، درصد ماسه ، سیلت و رس در نمونه‌های خاک نیز تعیین شد. نتایج نشان دادند که حضور کانسار بر پراکنش غلظت عناصر مس، سرب، روی و منگنز (به استثنا نیکل) در خاک مؤثر بوده و بالاترین غلظت این عناصر در منطقه معدنی متروکه مشاهده شد. همچنین با هدف ارزیابی تأثیر حضور کانسار مس بر تجمع فلزات سنگین در گونه‌های گیاهیبومی منطقه، با توجه به تراکم و تاج پوشش و فراوانی گونه‌ها، پنج گونه گیاهی شامل اسپند، درمنه دشتی، افدرا، قیچوکاروانکشبرای بررسی انتخاب شد. غلظت این عناصر در نمونه‌های گیاهی (اندام‌های هوایی و زمینی) با دستگاه جذب اتمیتعیینشد. نتایج نشان داد که  بیشترین غلظت مس در اندام زمینی درمنه (mg/kg 48/52) در منطقه معدنی متروکه است. محاسبه شاخص‌های بیوژئوشیمیایی نشان داد که بیشترین میزان فاکتور انتقال مربوط به عنصر منگنز در افدرا (29/3) است و بیشترین میزان فاکتور تمرکز زیستی مربوط به عنصر سرب در کاروانکش (48/0) است. به‌طور کلی حضور کانسار مس و معدن متروکه بر توزیع غلظت عناصر مورد بررسی به جز نیکل درخاک و گیاهان بومی منطقه مؤثر بوده‌است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Effects of Choghondarsar Copper Mine on the Concentration of Heavy Metals in Soil and Native Plants (Southwest of Abbasabad)

نویسنده [English]

  • Behnaz Dahrazma 1
1
2
چکیده [English]

Copper deposit and abandoned Choghondarsar copper mine, south of Abbasabad, is located in the eastern part of Semnan Province, Iran. The goal of the present research was to assess the concentration of lead, zinc, copper, manganese, and nickel in the soil and the native plants of the Choghondarsar mining area. Three sampling stations were selected to collect samples from the soil and plants in the upstream (as a control), in the area, and downstream of the abandoned mine area. The concentrations of the metals (using ICP-OES techniques) and physicochemical parameters were measured in the soil samples. The results showed that the highest concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Mn occur in the soil of the abandoned mine area while no impact by nickel was detected in the soil of the area. Five native plants species in the region including, Peganum harmala, Artemisia siberia, Ephedra strobilacea, Zygophyllum eurypterum and Atraphaxis espinosa were selected for further studies. The concentrations of the heavy metals in plants were measured with atomic absorption (AAS). The results showed that the highest concentrations of copper occurred in the ground organs of Artemisia (52.48 mg/kg) in abandoned mine area. Calculations of bio-chemical indices illustrated that the maximum transportation and bioaccumulation factors belong to Mn in ephedra (3.29) and to Pb in atraphaxis (0.48). Generally, the presence of copper deposit and abandoned mine affected the concentration distribution of all target heavy metals but nickel in soil and the native plants of the study area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Abandoned copper mine
  • soil
  • native plants
  • heavy metals
  • Choghondarsar

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 دی 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 23 فروردین 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 اردیبهشت 1394

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